• What is the name of the account that had the passcode of "12345678" in the intellian example discussed above?

A quick search on google to find the CVE related to this : CVE-2020-8000 :

Answer : intellian

• What is the CVE entry disclosed by the company "Teradata" in their "Viewpoint" Application that has a password within a string?

Per NIST, the CVE related is :

Answer : CVE-2019-6499

• According to OWASP's list of "Top Ten IoT" vulnerabilities, name the ranking this vulnerability would fall within, represented as text.

Checking OWASP top 10 from 2018 :

Answer : one

• What is the correct username required by the "LoginForm"?

If you don't have strings.exe or strings64.exe on windows, download it from sysinternal tools :

strings64.exe LoginForm.exe > result_string.txt

result_string.txt 
[...]
bad allocation
85@
Unknown exception
bad array new length
bad cast
cmnatic
TryHackMeMerchWhen
THM{Not_So_Hidden_Flag}
Welcome to the login portal!
Enter your Username: 
Input your password: 
Access Granted!
Wrong username or password!
pause
string too long
h5@
[...]

Answer : cmnatic

• What is the required password to authenticate with?
  

Answer : TryHackMeMerchWhen

• What is the "hidden" THM{} flag?

Answer : THM{Not_So_Hidden_Flag}

• What is the key term to describe a server that Botnets recieve instructions from?

Read the text.

Answer : Command and Control

• Name the discussed example malware that uses "strings" to store the bitcoin wallet addresses for payment

 Answer : Wannacry

• List the number of total transactions that the Bitcoin wallet used by the "Wannacry" author(s)

By the link given in the text :

Answer : 143

• What is the Bitcoin Address stored within "ComplexCalculator.exe"

Using stings.exe on ComplexCalculatorv2.exe :

Answer : 1LVB65imeojrgC3JPZGBwWhK1BdVZ2vYNC